Indonesia is collaborating with the three UN-REDD Programme agencies - FAO, UNDP and UNEP- on the development of an action plan that links its REDD+ efforts with its overarching goal of transitioning to a Green Economy.
The recent World Economic Forum on East Asia in Jakarta projected a transformation of Indonesia’s economy from its present levels to be in the top 10 economies in the world by 2020. The government recognizes this potential, but is equally conscious of the climate change challenges in pursuing a fast-paced growth. In the words of Indonesia's President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, “We need solutions that will make economic growth and technology not the nemesis but the ally of our climate stability. And we need solutions that will serve the practical needs to slow, stop and reverse the process of climate change. I believe Indonesia can implement green economy to achieve seven per cent economic growth and 26 per cent reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from business as usual scenario in 2020.”
In an effort to translate this vision, the Presidential Unit for Development Monitoring and Oversight (UKP4), headed by Dr. Kuntoro Mangkusubroto, is collaborating with the United Nations and a cross section of stakeholders on the development of an action plan to facilitate a Green Economy transition and support the REDD+ Implementing Agency to achieve its mandate of reducing forest based greenhouse gas emissions in Kalimantan, specifically the pilot province of Central Kalimantan, while at the same time generating multiple benefits for people’s livelihoods, the economy and conservation.
As a first step, a panel of eminent and world renowned experts on climate change mitigation and sustainable development converged in Jakarta on 12-13 August at a workshop to discuss possible scenarios, review successfully operating models elsewhere and explore possibilities of adapting these to the advantage of Indonesia.
Setting the context was the review of Indonesia’s recently launched Economic Master Plan Framework (MP3EI) that rests on three pillars: Economic Potential; National Connectivity; and Capacity of Human Resources, Sciences and Technology. The plan outlines six region-specific activities in the form of economic corridors and 11 national priorities. Green Economy as a transformation goal would rest on the five pillars of Indonesia's REDD+ strategy: institutions and processes; legal and regulatory framework; strategic programs; cultural shift and stakeholder management. The challenges to the transformation goal include, unprepared capacity to handle the new concept; recognition of local and indigenous community rights; investment; strong regulations; and a paradigm shift.
The workshop was led by UKP4 and supported by UN-REDD Programme agencies, UNEP and UNDP, with participation from FAO, the UN's International Labour Organization, the World Wildlife Federation and other national and international organizations. It focused on the Threshold 21 (T-21) sustainable development model which is designed to support integrated long-term development planning using a variety of factors across sectors. T-21 works more effectively once a country identifies its vision and key goals and is customized to capture different elements critical to the country’s development and the consequences of the proposed strategies. The model has been applied with varying degrees of success in countries such as Brazil, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Jamaica, Bangladesh and others. Although Kalimantan is the current focus the development of the model, the aim is to make it replicable across Indonesia.
The initial output of this exercise is to develop a “roadmap for transformation”, including process, timeline, budget, roles and milestones. The roadmap is expected to realize the transformation investment package, with pledges, institutional arrangements and capacity to deliver. The workshop succeeded in strengthening the enthusiasm participants have regarding the possibility of a green economy transition in Indonesia.
Participants in the recent Green Economy workshop in Indonesia included Pavan Sukhdev, McCluskey Fellow at Yale University, founder-CEO of GIST Advisory and head of UNEP’s Green Economy team; Mr. Andrea Bassi from the US-based Millennium Institute; representatives from UNEP, FAO, UNDP, ILO, WWF; several donor representatives; national experts from various sectors including academia, NGOs, CSOs and other key stakeholders.
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